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Chapter–1 : Solutions (विलयन)
Question Type: MCQ
Each Question: 0.5 Mark
Total Questions: 50
Q1.
A solution is a / विलयन होता है —
A) Pure substance / शुद्ध पदार्थ
B) Homogeneous mixture / समांगी मिश्रण ✅
C) Heterogeneous mixture / विषमांगी मिश्रण
D) Colloid / कोलॉइड
Answer: B
Explanation: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
Q2.
The component present in larger amount is called / अधिक मात्रा में उपस्थित घटक कहलाता है —
A) Solute / विलेय
B) Solvent / विलायक ✅
C) Dispersed phase / विसरित अवस्था
D) Medium / माध्यम
Answer: B
Explanation: Solvent is present in larger amount in a solution.
Q3.
Solid–solid solution example / ठोस–ठोस विलयन का उदाहरण —
A) Air / वायु
B) Brass / पीतल ✅
C) Soda water / सोडा वाटर
D) Tincture iodine / आयोडीन टिंचर
Answer: B
Explanation: Brass is a solid solution of copper and zinc.
Q4.
Liquid in liquid solution / द्रव–द्रव विलयन —
A) Brass
B) Sugar in water
C) Alcohol in water ✅
D) Hydrogen in palladium
Answer: C
Explanation: Alcohol and water form liquid–liquid solution.
Q5.
Mass of solute per 100 g solution is / 100 g विलयन में विलेय का द्रव्यमान —
A) Molality
B) Molarity
C) Mass percentage / द्रव्यमान प्रतिशत ✅
D) Mole fraction
Answer: C
Explanation: Mass % = (Mass of solute / Mass of solution) × 100
Q6.
Molarity depends on / मोलरता निर्भर करती है —
A) Pressure
B) Temperature ✅
C) Mass
D) Nature
Answer: B
Explanation: Volume changes with temperature, hence molarity changes.
Q7.
Molality is independent of / मोललता निर्भर नहीं करती —
A) Temperature / तापमान ✅
B) Mass
C) Moles
D) Solute
Answer: A
Explanation: Molality depends on mass, not volume.
Q8.
Unit of molality / मोललता की इकाई —
A) mol L⁻¹
B) mol kg⁻¹ ✅
C) g L⁻¹
D) kg mol⁻¹
Answer: B
Explanation: Molality = moles of solute per kg solvent.
Q9.
Mole fraction has / मोल अंश की —
A) Unit
B) No unit / कोई इकाई नहीं ✅
C) Temperature unit
D) Pressure unit
Answer: B
Explanation: Mole fraction is a ratio, hence unitless.
Q10.
Raoult’s law applies to / रॉल्ट का नियम लागू होता है —
A) Ideal solutions / आदर्श विलयन ✅
B) Non-ideal
C) Colloids
D) Suspensions
Answer: A
Explanation: Ideal solutions obey Raoult’s law completely.
Q11.
Vapour pressure depends on / वाष्प दाब निर्भर करता है —
A) Temperature only
B) Mole fraction of solvent / विलायक का मोल अंश ✅
C) Nature of solute
D) Volume
Answer: B
Explanation: According to Raoult’s law.
Q12.
Ideal solution shows / आदर्श विलयन दर्शाता है —
A) Positive deviation
B) Negative deviation
C) No deviation / कोई विचलन नहीं ✅
D) Large deviation
Answer: C
Explanation: Ideal solutions show no deviation from Raoult’s law.
Q13.
ΔHmix for ideal solution / आदर्श विलयन में मिश्रण एन्थैल्पी —
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero / शून्य ✅
D) Maximum
Answer: C
Explanation: No heat is absorbed or evolved.
Q14.
Non-ideal solutions do not obey / अनादर्श विलयन नहीं मानते —
A) Henry’s law
B) Dalton’s law
C) Raoult’s law / रॉल्ट का नियम ✅
D) Boyle’s law
Answer: C
Explanation: Non-ideal solutions show deviation.
Q15.
Vapour pressure of solution is / विलयन का वाष्प दाब —
A) Greater
B) Equal
C) Less / कम होता है ✅
D) Zero
Answer: C
Explanation: Solute lowers vapour pressure.
Q16.
Colligative properties depend on / कोलिगेटिव गुण निर्भर करते हैं —
A) Nature
B) Solvent
C) Number of particles / कणों की संख्या ✅
D) Volume
Answer: C
Explanation: Depends only on number of solute particles.
Q17.
Not a colligative property / कोलिगेटिव गुण नहीं है —
A) RLVP
B) Elevation of BP
C) Depression of FP
D) Surface tension / पृष्ठ तनाव ✅
Answer: D
Explanation: Surface tension is not colligative.
Q18.
RLVP equals / सापेक्ष वाष्प दाब ह्रास बराबर होता है —
A) Mole fraction of solute / विलेय का मोल अंश ✅
B) Solvent mole fraction
C) Molality
D) Molarity
Answer: A
Explanation: RLVP = mole fraction of solute.
Q19.
Elevation of boiling point symbol / क्वथनांक वृद्धि —
A) ΔTf
B) ΔTb ✅
C) π
D) Kf
Answer: B
Q20.
Depression of freezing point / हिमांक अवनमन —
A) ΔTb
B) ΔTf ✅
C) π
D) Kb
Answer: B
Q21.
Osmosis occurs due to / परासरण होता है —
A) Temperature
B) Pressure
C) Concentration difference / सांद्रता अंतर ✅
D) Volume
Answer: C
Q22.
Osmotic pressure is / परासरण दाब है —
A) Colligative property / कोलिगेटिव गुण ✅
B) Chemical
C) Constant
D) Structural
Answer: A
Q23.
Semipermeable membrane allows / अर्धपारगम्य झिल्ली —
A) Solute
B) Solvent / विलायक ✅
C) Both
D) None
Answer: B
Q24.
van’t Hoff factor symbol / वैन्ट हॉफ गुणांक —
A) K
B) R
C) i ✅
D) π
Answer: C
Q25.
van’t Hoff factor explains / वैन्ट हॉफ गुणांक बताता है —
A) Ideal behaviour
B) Electrolysis
C) Abnormal molar mass / असामान्य मोलर द्रव्यमान ✅
D) Density
Answer: C
Q26.
Value of van’t Hoff factor for a non-electrolyte is —
गैर-इलेक्ट्रोलाइट के लिए वैन्ट हॉफ गुणांक का मान होता है —
A) 0
B) Less than 1
C) Equal to 1 ✅
D) Greater than 1
Answer: C
Explanation: Non-electrolytes do not dissociate or associate, so ( i = 1 ).
Q27.
Abnormal molar mass is observed due to —
असामान्य मोलर द्रव्यमान पाया जाता है —
A) Temperature change
B) Pressure change
C) Association or dissociation of solute ✅
D) Volume change
Answer: C
Explanation: Association decreases number of particles, dissociation increases it.
Q28.
Which colligative property is most suitable to determine molar mass?
मोलर द्रव्यमान ज्ञात करने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त कोलिगेटिव गुण है —
A) Elevation of boiling point
B) Depression of freezing point
C) Osmotic pressure ✅
D) Relative lowering of vapour pressure
Answer: C
Explanation: Osmotic pressure gives accurate results even for dilute solutions.
Q29.
Vapour pressure curve of an ideal solution is —
आदर्श विलयन का वाष्प दाब वक्र होता है —
A) Curved
B) Irregular
C) Linear / रैखिक ✅
D) Zig-zag
Answer: C
Explanation: Ideal solutions obey Raoult’s law completely, giving a straight line.
Q30.
Henry’s law relates solubility of gas with —
हेनरी का नियम गैस की घुलनशीलता को संबंधित करता है —
A) Temperature
B) Pressure / दाब ✅
C) Volume
D) Density
Answer: B
Explanation: Solubility of a gas is proportional to its partial pressure.
Q31.
Unit of osmotic pressure is —
परासरण दाब की इकाई है —
A) mol L⁻¹
B) atm / वायुमंडल ✅
C) kg
D) g mol⁻¹
Answer: B
Explanation: Osmotic pressure is a type of pressure.
Q32.
Sugar solution in water is an example of —
जल में शक्कर का विलयन उदाहरण है —
A) Electrolyte
B) Non-electrolyte / गैर-इलेक्ट्रोलाइट ✅
C) Colloid
D) Suspension
Answer: B
Explanation: Sugar does not ionize in water.
Q33.
Which solution shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law?
कौन-सा विलयन रॉल्ट के नियम से धनात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है —
A) Acetone + chloroform
B) Benzene + methanol ✅
C) Ideal solution
D) Sugar + water
Answer: B
Explanation: Weak intermolecular attraction causes positive deviation.
Q34.
Which solution shows negative deviation?
कौन-सा विलयन ऋणात्मक विचलन दर्शाता है —
A) Benzene + methanol
B) Acetone + chloroform ✅
C) Ethanol + water
D) Sugar + water
Answer: B
Explanation: Strong solute–solvent interaction causes negative deviation.
Q35.
Colligative properties are useful to determine —
कोलिगेटिव गुण उपयोगी हैं —
A) Colour
B) Density
C) Molar mass / मोलर द्रव्यमान ✅
D) Structure
Answer: C
Explanation: These properties depend on number of particles.
Q36.
Which concentration term depends on temperature?
कौन-सा सांद्रता पद तापमान पर निर्भर करता है —
A) Molality
B) Mole fraction
C) Molarity / मोलरता ✅
D) Mass percentage
Answer: C
Explanation: Molarity depends on volume, which changes with temperature.
Q37.
Which concentration term is temperature independent?
कौन-सा पद तापमान से स्वतंत्र है —
A) Molarity
B) Molality / मोललता ✅
C) Volume
D) Density
Answer: B
Explanation: Molality depends on mass, not volume.
Q38.
Raoult’s law is a special case of —
रॉल्ट का नियम विशेष अवस्था है —
A) Dalton’s law
B) Henry’s law / हेनरी का नियम ✅
C) Boyle’s law
D) Graham’s law
Answer: B
Explanation: Raoult’s law applies when vapour pressure is high.
Q39.
Osmosis stops when —
परासरण रुक जाता है जब —
A) Temperature becomes constant
B) Applied pressure equals osmotic pressure ✅
C) Volume becomes zero
D) Solute evaporates
Answer: B
Explanation: At equilibrium, net solvent flow stops.
Q40.
Reverse osmosis occurs when —
प्रतिलोम परासरण होता है जब —
A) Applied pressure > osmotic pressure ✅
B) Applied pressure < osmotic pressure
C) Pressure is zero
D) Temperature is high
Answer: A
Explanation: External pressure reverses solvent flow.
Q41.
Osmotic pressure is maximum for —
परासरण दाब अधिकतम होता है —
A) Dilute solution
B) Concentrated solution / सांद्र विलयन ✅
C) Pure solvent
D) Solid solution
Answer: B
Explanation: More particles produce higher osmotic pressure.
Q42.
Which property is directly proportional to number of solute particles?
कौन-सा गुण विलेय कणों की संख्या के समानुपाती है —
A) Colour
B) Density
C) Osmotic pressure / परासरण दाब ✅
D) Viscosity
Answer: C
Explanation: Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
Q43.
Which is NOT a type of solution?
निम्न में से कौन विलयन का प्रकार नहीं है —
A) Solid solution
B) Liquid solution
C) Gas solution
D) Plasma solution / प्लाज़्मा विलयन ✅
Answer: D
Explanation: Plasma solution is not a chemical solution type.
Q44.
ppm stands for —
ppm का अर्थ है —
A) Parts per mole
B) Parts per million / प्रति मिलियन भाग ✅
C) Percentage per mass
D) Pressure per mole
Answer: B
Explanation: Used for very dilute solutions.
Q45.
Mole fraction of solvent in pure solvent is —
शुद्ध विलायक में विलायक का मोल अंश होता है —
A) 0
B) 0.5
C) 1 ✅
D) Infinite
Answer: C
Explanation: Only solvent particles are present.
Q46.
Colligative properties are applicable mainly to —
कोलिगेटिव गुण मुख्यतः लागू होते हैं —
A) Concentrated solutions
B) Dilute solutions / विरल विलयन ✅
C) Solids
D) Gases
Answer: B
Explanation: Laws are valid for dilute solutions.
Q47.
Which instrument is used to measure osmotic pressure?
परासरण दाब मापने का यंत्र है —
A) Barometer
B) Manometer
C) Osmometer / ऑस्मोमीटर ✅
D) Calorimeter
Answer: C
Q48.
Lowering of vapour pressure is explained by —
वाष्प दाब में कमी को समझाया जाता है —
A) Henry’s law
B) Raoult’s law / रॉल्ट का नियम ✅
C) Dalton’s law
D) Avogadro’s law
Answer: B
Q49.
Solutions obeying Raoult’s law over entire range are —
पूरे क्षेत्र में रॉल्ट का नियम मानने वाले विलयन हैं —
A) Non-ideal
B) Dilute
C) Ideal / आदर्श विलयन ✅
D) Electrolytic
Answer: C
Q50.
In a solution, solvent is present in —
विलयन में विलायक उपस्थित होता है —
A) Smaller amount
B) Larger amount / अधिक मात्रा में ✅
C) Equal amount
D) Trace amount
Answer: B
Explanation: Solvent is the major component.
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